But, Gershoff also cautions that her findings do not imply that all children who experience corporal punishment turn out to be aggressive or delinquent. A variety of situational factors, such as the parent/child relationship, can moderate the effects of corporal punishment. Furthermore, studying the true effects of corporal punishment requires drawing a boundary line between punishment and abuse. This is a difficult thing to do, especially when relying on parents' self-reports of their discipline tactics and interpretations of normative punishment.
...
In a reply to Gershoff, researchers Diana Baumrind, PhD (Univ. of CA at Berkeley), Robert E. Larzelere, PhD (Nebraska Medical Center), and Philip Cowan, PhD (Univ.of CA at Berkeley), write that because the original studies in Gershoff's meta-analysis included episodes of extreme and excessive physical punishment, her finding is not an evaluation of normative corporal punishment
as such am not sure the study your link references says what you believe it says, even with your qualifying edit.
in an extreme brief and shallow internet search which we do not suggest is dispositive o' any kinda consensus, a more recent paper specific addresses at least one o' the concerns voiced by the aforementioned critics-- that "being able to distinguish between reasonable corporal punishment and maltreatment—whether this is formally denominated abuse or neglect—is critical for the relevant actors: parents who use corporal punishment as a disciplinary tool."
however, take heart 'cause the paper linked does go a bit meta with research as o' 2010 and suggests corporal punishment, particular as delivered by a non parent, could be harmful even if is not injurious or abusive.
"This evidence has contributed to an understanding that even apparently moderate forms of corporal punishment like SBS—moderate in the sense that a severe physical injury is not apparent to the average layperson—can have harmful effects that merit intervention, and to a more-comprehensive sense of the consequences of severe corporal punishment. These effects are stronger if the child is young, if the parent–child relationship lacks a grounding in warmth, and if the corporal punishment is repeated across time. Rather than discovering a cut-off level below which corporal punishment has no ill effects, scientists interpret the research findings as indicating that corporal punishment experiences have a cumulative effect that grows proportionately with the amount and severity of punishment."
now keep in mid this meta use o' other studies is not suggesting that corporal punishment has zero beneficial outcomes, but rather there do not appear to be studies which show any consistent findings o' benefit.
also,
"A review of eighty-eight empirical studies involving 36,309 children has shown that children who have been subjected to moderate corporal punishment display, on average, more-immediate compliance with parental directives but also higher levels of aggressive, delinquent, and antisocial behavior than do children who have not been corporally punished. The causal direction of this association has been called into question because antisocial children might well elicit more corporal punishment or because the same genes that make parents use aggression toward their children may be responsible for their child’s aggression, apart from any causal link between the parenting and the child’s behavior."
but,
"Nuances complicate this picture, however: First, mild corporal punishments do not have a uniform impact on child outcomes across all contexts and circumstances. The parent’s behavior per se is less significant than the meaning of the behavior as interpreted by the child. This meaning is determined by the family context, including chronicity of the act, the contingency of the act on the child’s misbehavior, mitigating factors such as temporary stress and the child’s instigation of the act, and exacerbating factors such as parents’ taunting and psychological abuse. Thus, empirical studies demonstrate that corporal punishment can be helpful, unimportant, or harmful to the child’s development, depending on the meaning ascribed by the child. A limit on this conclusion is that, beyond a certain level of severity of corporal punishment, harmful outcomes are likely to accrue to the child no matter what context surrounds the act or how it is interpreted by the child. This level is not always clear but may be a defining characteristic of physical abuse."
regardless, it would appear that corporal punishment is a bit more complicated than a simple good v. bad, but regardless, if is a child and the punishment is not being administered in a loving relationship (a relationship with a "grounding in warmth") and the punishments is other than mild and o' limited frequency, then the possibility o' long-term harm to the child's development does not appear to be a matter o' much dispute 'mongst those who have expertise on this issue. assuming that many teacher-student will lack the requisite warmth to limit harmful outcomes from corporal punishment, and recognizing that the benefits o' such punishments is difficult to gauge, the arguments in favour o' teachers and administrators delivering corporal punishments does not appear strong to say the least.
etc.
am not gonna suggest this single paper more focused on the law side o' the issue is dispositive, but it does go a bit meta with the consensus findings on the topic o' corporal punishments and such findings as presented by the authors do not support the general use o' corporal punishment in a school setting.
HA! Good Fun!