Well for Napoleon, the plan was to draw him into Russia, with scorched earth tactics to wear Le Grand Armee down. Forget who had the idea, but pretty sure it was neither Barclay or Bagrarion. It did a decent enough job, by the time he reached Moscow they'd lost a lot. There's Minard's famous chart about it.
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Minard.png
Not the greatest idea to march into a 500 km salient. Wonder how things would have gone if they didn't escape Berezina.