How did it influence it exactly?
No, not a trick question. Just wondering since "Western Civilisation" was there for a few thousand years before the Bible came knocking so to speak (it has only been around for a measly millennia in large parts of Europe). I could have sworn that Greek and Roman culture was what shaped it.
Well, I can't very well recount 3000 years of history in detail to explain. Suffice it to say there are two powerful influences on the Western culture, one being Greco/Roman and the other being the Old Testament. These two merged 2000 years ago to form Christianity and begin the Western culture as we understand it today (I guess strictly speaking it started when Constantin converted).
Edit: Btw, being a Mason doesn't contradict being a Christian, in fact most Masons are Christians.
Edit2: Just to give one example, probably the most important idea of the Western civilization is that all men are equal before God. That idea originated with Christianity.