In Sweden up until the 80's the tax on petrol and diesel was properly earmarked and used for road maintainance and expansions, but since then that limit was removed and the money is spent on anything but the roads. Alot of this money does go as tax relief for rich people buying newer cars.
For fun, the costs @ the month of august;
Petrol 6.03SEK/Litre
Value added tax on the petrol, 1.51SEK
Energy tax, 3.95SEK/litre
Co2 Tax, 2.62SEK/Litre
Value added tax on the tax (Becuz Lulz) 1.64SEK
Total cost, 15.75SEK/Litre of wich 9.72SEK are taxes, or 62% if you so wish.
Oh, and then there's tax on the car itself aswell ofcourse.