Socrates actually got a jury trial, he wasn't tried in the Assembly and so not by popular vote. They even had balloted jury members rather than self selected. At 501 (most likely) it was certainly a big jury by modern standards, but nowhere near the (iirc) 6000 self selected needed for quorum in an Assembly trial.
That's kind of well known because of the odd fact that more jurists voted for Socrates' punishment to be execution than voted to find him guilty, which lead to the popular theory that at some point he decided to commit judicial suicide and deliberately antagonise jurors.