I'm a bit confused now. On Paradox's site, it still says it should run on XP. On Steam, however, it says you need a 64-bit OS to run the game. That would neatly explain the lack of Windows XP support since for all intents and purposes, there never was a 64-bit Windows XP.
Actually, there was a Windows XP 64 bits, derived from Server 2003, but it was never released for the mainstream.
Anyway, if your computer can run Eternity, it surely can run a proper, modern, version of Windows such as Windows 7 or 8.1, and you should update your computer, if only for Microsoft's software support.