Starhowl

What I'm trying to figure out is this: I don't understand how the game gets to 52.1. The base damage could be anything between 38 and 55, and then there would also be the critical damage multiplier of 0.3 and the 45% more damage.: Is there someone who can explain these mechanics to me?

Trying to find out if theft is rewarded with experience points within the game so I won't miss any on PotD?