So, I've finally had a chance to dig into the issue.
And I'm now bearish on getting a quick fix.
The issue seems to be within Unity itself, specifically a thread that's designed to do graphics work having a catastrophic failure. Additionally, this thread dying with a EXC_BAD_ACCESS (a segfault), experience says that this is normally a very low level issue not simply a misconfiguration. Looking around, I believe that there have been a few reports of similar issues (Hearthstone seemed affected by a similar issue at one point) and the solution to previous similar looking issues on the Unity forums was to upgrade the version of the engine. Upgrading the engine seems like it would be a time-consuming task, as the upgrade has a very good chance of causing flow-on issues.
Faulty Thread Backtrace:
thread #5, name = 'UnityGfxDeviceWorker', stop reason = EXC_BAD_ACCESS (code=1, address=0x188)
frame #0: 0x000000010218feb3 libmono.0.dylib`mono_jit_info_table_find + 49
frame #1: 0x00000001020ac4d5 libmono.0.dylib`mono_pmip + 46
frame #2: 0x0000000100c73d4d PillarsOfEternityII`PrintStackTraceOSX(void*) + 141
frame #3: 0x0000000100c7355f PillarsOfEternityII`HandleSignal(int, __siginfo*, void*) + 31
frame #4: 0x000000010216b419 libmono.0.dylib`mono_chain_signal + 75
frame #5: 0x00000001020b33cf libmono.0.dylib`mono_sigsegv_signal_handler + 147
frame #6: 0x00007fff6a1b4f5a libsystem_platform.dylib`_sigtramp + 26
frame #7: 0x000000010ebdaa7c AppleIntelBDWGraphicsGLDriver`USC::CTreeScanColorPool::Reload(iSTD::CLinkedList<USC::CGen4LIRInstruction*, USC::CAllocator>::CIterator&, USC::TimeStamp, USC::TimeStamp, USC::LifetimeInterval*, USC::LifetimeInterval*&) + 58
frame #8: 0x000000010ebdaac8 AppleIntelBDWGraphicsGLDriver`USC::CTreeScanColorPool::Reload(iSTD::CLinkedList<USC::CGen4LIRInstruction*, USC::CAllocator>::CIterator&, USC::TimeStamp, USC::TimeStamp, USC::LifetimeInterval*, USC::LifetimeInterval*&) + 134
frame #9: 0x000000010e87cc2e AppleIntelBDWGraphicsGLDriver`USC::CTreeScanColoring::ColorInstructionSources(USC::CGen4LIRInstruction*) + 260
frame #10: 0x000000010e87c8da AppleIntelBDWGraphicsGLDriver`USC::CTreeScanColoring::ColorInstruction(USC::CGen4LIRInstruction*, iSTD::CLinkedList<USC::CGen4LIRInstruction*, USC::CAllocator>::CIterator, bool&) + 150
frame #11: 0x000000010e87c5a1 AppleIntelBDWGraphicsGLDriver`USC::CTreeScanColoring::ColorBasicBlock(USC::CGen4LIRBasicBlock*, bool&) + 633
frame #12: 0x000000010e87c10c AppleIntelBDWGraphicsGLDriver`USC::CTreeScanColoring::ColorProgram(USC::CGen4LIRControlFlowGraph*, USC::LifetimeInterval*, bool&) + 206
frame #13: 0x000000010e87444f AppleIntelBDWGraphicsGLDriver`USC::CPassSsaAllocatorContext::Process(bool, bool, bool, bool, bool, bool&, unsigned int&) + 679
frame #14: 0x000000010ec1f418 AppleIntelBDWGraphicsGLDriver`USC::CGen4KernelFunctionList::VirtualRegistersToRegisters(USC::SpillFillModeEnum, USC::SGrfPressureOpts, S3DKernelHardwareCapabilities const&, unsigned int, unsigned int, USC::SHADER_TYPE, unsigned int, USC::SGen4KernelFunctionListCompilationFeedback&) + 11494
frame #15: 0x000000010e841c22 AppleIntelBDWGraphicsGLDriver`USC::CGen6PixelShaderKernelProgram::Compile(bool, USC::PS_DISPATCH_TYPES, bool, bool&, unsigned int&, unsigned int&, unsigned int&, bool&, bool&) + 1096
frame #16: 0x000000010e841614 AppleIntelBDWGraphicsGLDriver`USC::CGen6PixelShaderKernelProgram::Compile8(bool, bool) + 180
frame #17: 0x000000010e840ab8 AppleIntelBDWGraphicsGLDriver`USC::CGen6PixelShaderKernelProgram::Build() + 454
frame #18: 0x000000010e83f938 AppleIntelBDWGraphicsGLDriver`USC::CGen6PixelShaderKernelProgram::Initialize() + 410
frame #19: 0x000000010e96a83a AppleIntelBDWGraphicsGLDriver`USC::CGen6PixelShaderKernelProgram::Create(void const*, PLATFORM_STR, S3DKernelHardwareCapabilities const&, USC::CPixelShader*, USC::OPTIMIZER_LEVEL, USC::SIMD_LEVEL, USC::SGen6PixelShaderKernelProgramCacheKey const*) + 284
frame #20: 0x000000010ebf095d AppleIntelBDWGraphicsGLDriver`USC::CPixelShader::Compile(USC::OPTIMIZER_LEVEL, USC::SIMD_LEVEL, USC::SPixelShaderCompileTimeOptions const&, USC::SPixelShaderDrawTimeData const&, USC::SCompilerOutputPixelShader_Gen8*&) + 679
frame #21: 0x000000010e905e94 AppleIntelBDWGraphicsGLDriver`USC::CompilePixelShaderOpenGL(void*, USC::OPTIMIZER_LEVEL, USC::SIMD_LEVEL, USC::SCompilerInputStatePixelShaderOpenGL const*, USC::SCompilerOutputPixelShaderOpenGL_Gen8*&) + 1227
frame #22: 0x000000010e82a12a AppleIntelBDWGraphicsGLDriver`USC::IM_Shader::Compile(void*, GFXCORE_FAMILY, void*) + 292
frame #23: 0x000000010e80bcd0 AppleIntelBDWGraphicsGLDriver`intelUpdateCtxSysProgramCommon(GLDContextRec*, GLDProgramRec*, GLDPipelineProgramRec*, void*, ShaderInfoCacheRec*, unsigned int) + 4326
frame #24: 0x000000010e80abb6 AppleIntelBDWGraphicsGLDriver`glrUpdateCtxSysFragmentProgram + 170
frame #25: 0x000000010e80a1cb AppleIntelBDWGraphicsGLDriver`gpusLoadCurrentPipelinePrograms + 3367
frame #26: 0x000000010e807c8b AppleIntelBDWGraphicsGLDriver`updateDispatch + 1582
frame #27: 0x000000010e807630 AppleIntelBDWGraphicsGLDriver`gldUpdateDispatch + 154
frame #28: 0x00007fff4c161055 GLEngine`gleDoDrawDispatchCoreGL3 + 601
frame #29: 0x00007fff4c11602a GLEngine`glDrawElements_ACC_GL3Exec + 219
frame #30: 0x0000000100ea1ff7 PillarsOfEternityII`GfxDeviceGLES::DrawBufferRanges(GfxBuffer*, VertexStreamSource const*, int, DrawBuffersRange const*, int, VertexDeclaration*, ShaderChannelMask, unsigned long, bool) + 455
frame #31: 0x0000000100ea22a8 PillarsOfEternityII`GfxDeviceGLES::DrawBuffers(GfxBuffer*, VertexStreamSource const*, int, DrawBuffersRange const*, int, VertexDeclaration*, ShaderChannelMask) + 312
frame #32: 0x000000010063fce6 PillarsOfEternityII`GfxDeviceWorker::RunCommand(ThreadedStreamBuffer&) + 32598
frame #33: 0x0000000100c91b9c PillarsOfEternityII`GfxDeviceWorkerAutoreleasePoolProxy + 60
frame #34: 0x0000000100640924 PillarsOfEternityII`GfxDeviceWorker::Run() + 116
frame #35: 0x0000000100637cec PillarsOfEternityII`GfxDeviceWorker::RunGfxDeviceWorker(void*) + 60
frame #36: 0x0000000100adc54a PillarsOfEternityII`Thread::RunThreadWrapper(void*) + 90
frame #37: 0x00007fff6a1be661 libsystem_pthread.dylib`_pthread_body + 340
frame #38: 0x00007fff6a1be50d libsystem_pthread.dylib`_pthread_start + 377
frame #39: 0x00007fff6a1bdbf9 libsystem_pthread.dylib`thread_start + 13