I have this EXACT same issue..
Tried all of your advices, but still have the same problem. I also contacted the support, which couldnt help me yet..
Does it have something to do with the Microsoft Edge (plugin) that is used for that login screen?
Mine is up to date.. then i tried to uninstall it, still doesnt work.
You got any further ides beside the obvious ones (driver updates, java update, restart PC, re-install the game, logout/login in xbox live app etc)??
Thanks