I have a similar problem. What seems to be happening is I can create and run shared worlds but once started, I am not allowed to access them again. My friend is able to see them.
We appear to have been able to narrow the problem down to the Microsoft. I have tried playing my copy on different hardware and networks. I even connected my account through my friends setup, the one that doesn't have his problem. When I use my account on his system, he cannot access shared worlds any more.